A lipid profile test, also known as a cholesterol test, is a blood test that measures the amount of certain lipids in the blood. Lipids are the fats that the body uses as a source of energy for proper functioning. However, their high levels can lead to cardiovascular and heart complications. This test is used to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular diseases like heart attack, heart disease and stroke, and as an aid in diagnosing and
managing lipid disorders.
What are some important tests in a lipid profile?
The four main components of the lipid profile test are total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). High cholesterol can lead to a build-up of plaque in the arteries, causing obstruction to the flow of blood. These deposits can cause clots leading to heart attacks or strokes. Blocked or slowed blood flow can cause angina, peripheral artery disease, and other serious complications.
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol: LDL is a fat that circulates in the blood. It is often considered the “bad” cholesterol since it aids in the build-up of fatty deposits in the arteries (atherosclerosis). This narrows the passageways and raises the risk of a heart attack and stroke. Some of the facts that contribute to higher LDL include age, food, body weight, smoking, medications and medical issues.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol: HDL circulates in the blood and is called “good” cholesterol. HDL helps remove other types of cholesterol from the bloodstream and helps lower the risk of heart attack and stroke. HDL cholesterol is also known to act against inflammation and oxidants to keep your cells strong.
Triglycerides: These are the most common fats in the body and are made up of glycerol. They are essential for maintaining good health since the body uses them for energy between meals. However, high levels of triglycerides in the bloodstream can cause hypertriglyceridemia, raising the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol: It is a fat-like substance that comprises cholesterol, triglycerides, fatty acids, and protein. While VLDL is essential for storing energy and blood pressure regulation, elevated VLDL levels are dangerous and increase the risk of heart disease. An excess amount of VLDL causes plaque build-up in the arteries, leading to a condition known as atherosclerosis.
Total cholesterol: It shows how much cholesterol is circulating in the blood. Factors that contribute to cholesterol levels include family history, age, sex, and ethnicity. High cholesterol can cause complications such as chest pain, heart attack and stroke.
Lipid profile test price may vary depending on the location of the lab and any available discounts or packages.
Who needs to get tested?
You may need to undergo a lipid profile test if:
• You are a smoker
• You are obese
• You have hypertension or diabetes
• You are a male over the age of 45 or a female over the age of
50
• Eating an unhealthy diet
• One of the family members has a history of heart disease at a young age
(for males below 55 years of age and females below 65 years of age)
If you have one or more risk factors, you may need to go for this test every year or every few years.
Preparation
The test requires fasting for 8 to 12 hours before having this blood test. This means an individual should refrain from eating any food and drinking only water. During this period, clear fluids like water can be consumed, but beverages such as tea, coffee and milk should be avoided until specimen collection is completed.
Disclaimer: For personalised advice and further information, always consult your doctor or qualified healthcare professional.